No Furnaces, Plenty of Heat for Passive Solar Homes
I've been reading about passive solar for decades now, and I think it's been given short shrift in the solar heating community. Nice to see it's taking off again:
DARMSTADT, Germany — From the outside, there is nothing unusual about the stylish new gray and orange row houses in the Kranichstein District, with wreaths on the doors and Christmas lights twinkling through a freezing drizzle. But these houses are part of a revolution in building design: There are no drafts, no cold tile floors, no snuggling under blankets until the furnace kicks in. There is, in fact, no furnace.
In Berthold Kaufmann’s home, there is, to be fair, one radiator for emergency backup in the living room — but it is not in use. Even on the coldest nights in central Germany, Mr. Kaufmann’s new “passive house” and others of this design get all the heat and hot water they need from the amount of energy that would be needed to run a hair dryer.
“You don’t think about temperature — the house just adjusts,” said Mr. Kaufmann, watching his 2-year-old daughter, dressed in a T-shirt, tuck into her sausage in the spacious living room, whose glass doors open to a patio. His new home uses about one-twentieth the heating energy of his parents’ home of roughly the same size, he said.
Architects in many countries, in attempts to meet new energy efficiency standards like the Leadership in Environmental and Energy Design standard in the United States, are designing homes with better insulation and high-efficiency appliances, as well as tapping into alternative sources of power, like solar panels and wind turbines.
The concept of the passive house, pioneered in this city of 140,000 outside Frankfurt, approaches the challenge from a different angle. Using ultrathick insulation and complex doors and windows, the architect engineers a home encased in an airtight shell, so that barely any heat escapes and barely any cold seeps in. That means a passive house can be warmed not only by the sun, but also by the heat from appliances and even from occupants’ bodies.


Big Energy will kill that here before it ever gets off the ground. It will go the way of the electric car.
I would hope they found a way to eliminate mold and mildew from building up. Everything in an airtight structure must be clean, including the bodies that live there. Any pets? Any bean farts? Seriously, these things can develop into trouble. There must be an exchange of fresh air to be safe. And whatever is put into the structure, ie., furnishings, must be of natural origin. If not, fumes from glue, and formaldahyde can lead to health problems.
Airtight is not always healthy.
actually they have found a way to do so
an article in the Europe section of the the times covered how it was done
Link, my friend?
I'm thinking they're referring to the link in the original post. But according to later in the article, the house _isn't_ air tight, it just uses counter-current heat exchange to warm incoming air while cooling the outgoing.
The article seems a bit vague on that - my general impression is that the user can throw energy-efficiency "out the window", as it were, when fresh air is needed (the sentence about "filtering" exchanged air for temperature doesn't do much for me - conservation-of-energy still applies.)
All that said, however - these seem like laudable projects with immediate benefits. Hell, all I needed to hear was "open windows available" and the matter is pretty much settled for me ;).
...my general impression is that the user can throw energy-efficiency "out the window", as it were, when fresh air is needed...
That's why the design uses balanced energy recovery ventilation, with a heat recovery rate of 75 to 95 percent.
http://www.passivhaustagung.de/Passive_House_...
Conservation of energy _does_ apply, it's essentially the same system as in a shark's gills, a bird's lungs, or your own kidneys: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countercurrent_exchange_(biology)#Countercurrent_exchange_in_biological_systems
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lungs#Avian_lungs
I would love to read it.
oh jesus !i was gonna build one just like that one ! but between me farting and my dog farting wed kill everything liveing in the house!
and always so descriptive!
blamed it on the dog.
... is a concern in airtight homes in areas where radon is present in the bedrock. Anyone considering this construction should become familiar with construction radon-resistant construction techniques .
Sounds airtight, alright.
I'm constantly battling the virtues of energy-savings vs. health when it comes to windows and heat/AC...
Energy companies will lobby to block it's use and congress will roll over backwards to do so
http://www.cbc.ca/documentaries/natureofthing...
I watched this David Suzuki program recently about his trip to Europe with his daughter where they address this very issue. The use of solar panels and windmills in Europe is extremely efficient and successful.
Those of us here in North America could learn a lot from them.
(ps, I'm still trying out my linking skills - indulge me!)
Thanks, calgarylady. Just beautiful!
We're in Germany every year. 2 years ago, when we were landing in Munich, we noticed that almost every home in the outlying villages had solar panels on the roof. The number was astounding and we didn't remember seeing them the year before.
We asked our friends how this had happened and were told the German government made the decision to utilize more solar energy. They invested money in new factories to make the panels and gave tax breaks to private investors who wanted to do the same. Then, they encouraged homeowners to install the panels by offering them tax breaks as well, and subsidized the construction industry to enable them to hire more workers in a very short period of time. The results in just one year were clearly visible and totally amazing.
We certainly could learn a lot from them.
I've built two passive solar houses. First one, in Colorado, was 1100 square feet and winter heat bills ran about $15 per month (that was 25 years ago).
Living in one now, in Michigan -- heating bills less than $70 per month to heat 3000 square feet during the winter. The house is 15 years old. If I had it to do over again, it would be far more efficient, simply because I've learned more, and some better products are available.
No, the government and the energy companies won't somehow "forbid" passive solar -- they can't, and the notion is ridiculous.
Hell, during the Carter administration the government gave huge tax breaks and even subsidies, trying to get more people to build passive solar houses. Reagan took the tax breaks away, but that's the worst that gov't can do.
Main problem is trying to get homeowners to do their homework, and then finding builders who are capable. Competence, in any area, is always in short supply.
Initial cost of construction would be high I imagine.
A friend of mine is a contractor who, when he built his own hose, insulated and sealed it so well that, once he had it closed in and started on the interior work, the entire two floors were heated to shirtsleeve yemperatures (okay, long shirtsleeves) with a small portable ceramic heater during the winter. Arctic winter (-40 for two solid months, not factoring windchill). To do that, however, required extreme care in construction, as I can attest to since I helped him build it.
It has 6 inch exterior walls, fibreglass insulation. The vapour barrier on the inside is really thick plastic (thicker than is normal), and in order to keep it intact he added additional 2x2s to the wall studs, essentially creating 8" thick exterior walls, with his electrical wires and assorted boxes mounted on the inside of the plastic sheets. And that plastic is intact: if he had to pull a nail, the hole was taped over. Then there's the normal drywall.
His place is actually too airtight. He's had issues with condensation during the winter, and in an environment where most of us have humidifiers running for most of the year just to make the air tolerable, he's running a dehumidifier constantly.
You can find a link to the article on Huffington Post.
require "tucking into a sausage", whatever that means?
JP
http://giveusthisdayourdailtydread.blogspot.com
eating a sausage, usually with great vigor. Many Germans eat large quantities of various sausages.
I'm Irish. All we have is "sucking into a pint."
http://www.homepower.com
Read and weep (with joy!)
This is wondrous news for nudists the world over. The most aggravating aspect of nudist life is the increased heating cost associated with wearing the more confining and insulating layers of constrictive cloth.
Don't you have that backwards? Either way you're starting to creep me out... unless you're a really hot female that's into short, fat 48 year-old men.
Heard about this in the 80s. ANOTHER of those proven technologies tossed on the scrap heap in the U.S. True, Northern Minnesota is a different extreme from Southern Minnesota, but the U of M built one of these demo homes ages ago in Southern Minnesota and all it needed was passive, a heat exchanger and a little electricity to run the exchanger. If even Southern Minnesota can do it, it demonstrates that a LOT of the U.S. shouldn't have to sweat heating their homes.
Basically, we're just stupid in the U.S.
Though the NYT headline and article at http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/27/world/europ... correctly identified architect Nabih Tahan's designs as "Passive Houses," C&L referred to them as "passive solar." As Tahan points out at http://www.nabihtahanarchitect.com/show_conte... his "Passive House" differs substantially from the "passive solar" house, which is an older technology. Among other features, the Passive House adds plentiful interior-exterior air exchange, made possible by a highly efficient modern heat exchanger device. In fact, the Passive House is better ventilated (and also has better-filtered air) than the typical American house.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_House
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_solar
http://www.passivehouse.us/passiveHouse/PHIUS...
Positively un-American. Call Sarah Palin immediately.
"If the US government enforced its banking laws like it did its park regulations, we wouldn't be
in this damn park in the first place." OCCUPY.!!
Compare the passive homes in Germany with another article in the Times from the day before, "Burning Coal at Home is Making a Comeback":
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/27/business/27...
The contrast is stark. While the Germans are building homes that require no furnace, here in America we're regressing to coal heat.
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